THEORY X AND THEORY Y McGregor,

Douglas McGregor argued, effective leadership strategies using the concept of participatory management. this concept is well known for using human basic assumptions. Leaders who likes the theory of x tend to prefer authoritarian leadership style. and instead of a leader who likes y theory more democratic leadership style tends to like. Here example of the assumption of the theory of x and y:
*X THEORY ASSUMPTIONS:
1. The average human nature is lazy or do not like the job and will avoid it if possible.
2. The average human nature is more like directed, wants security above all else to live, relatively little ambition, and wants to avoid responsibility.
3. Human characteristics in running task to achieve the organization tends to be forced, controlled, directed or threatened with punishment.
*Theory Y Assumptions:
1. The average human nature in decent condition, learn not only to accept but seek responsibility.
2. The award associated with the achievement of the goal.
3. Human intellectual potential in conditions of industrial life are used only partially.
4. The use of physical and mental is human nature.
5. Directing in an attempt to achieve organizational goals not only oversee and threatening manner in the form of punishment. People will conduct self-control and self direction to achieve goal been determined.
6. Have the capacity to perform the imagination, ingenuity and creativity in solving organizational problems is widely spread on all employees.



SOURCE: Series of college textbooks, university Gunadarma. (M. Abdul-Hadi and Imam Mukhyi Saputro).